IRMAA brackets for 2025
If your 2023 income was above $106,000 filing single, or $212,000 filing jointly, you pay a surcharge on top of your Medicare Part B and Part D premiums. Find your row — and see how close you are to the next cliff.
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| 2023 MAGI | Part B total | Part B IRMAA | Part D IRMAA |
|---|---|---|---|
| $106,000 or less | $185.00 | — | — |
| Over $106,000, up to $133,000 | $259.00 | $74.00 | $13.70 |
| Over $133,000, up to $167,000 | $370.00 | $185.00 | $35.30 |
| Over $167,000, up to $200,000 | $480.90 | $295.90 | $57.00 |
| Over $200,000, under $500,000 | $591.90 | $406.90 | $78.60 |
| $500,000 or more | $628.90 | $443.90 | $85.80 |
Figures as published by CMS on November 8, 2024 (source). We publish the CMS amounts exactly, not figures re-derived from the statutory percentages — here is why that distinction matters.
Your 2023 income sets your 2025 premium
This is the part almost everyone misses. Medicare does not look at what you earn now — it looks at the tax return you filed two years ago. The surcharge you pay in 2025 was decided by your 2023 return, which you can no longer change.
The useful consequence runs the other way: the return you file for this year is already setting your premium two years out. That makes IRMAA a planning problem rather than a bill to react to — and it is why a Roth conversion, a property sale, or a large withdrawal can cost you well beyond the tax on it.
IRMAA is also a cliff. One dollar over a threshold moves you into the whole next tier, so being a few hundred dollars over a line can cost four figures a year. That is why the table shows your remaining headroom in dollars rather than just the bracket you are in.